k8s进阶:日志收集

日志收集

网上有很多更新更多样的监控方案,这里仅作记录

k8s的日志

  • stdout,stderr: 默认会保存在宿主机的固定目录(/var/lib/docker/containers//-json.log)
  • 应用的日志文件: 重启丢失

常见方案

  1. 远程存储: 应用直接将日志写到远端
  2. sidecar: 每个pod加一个小容器,与主容器共享volume,负责获取日志并发送到远端,对应用无侵入,但对pod有侵入,有一定资源消耗
  3. LogAgent: 将应用日志挂载到宿主机特定目录,用daemonset方式每个节点跑一个agent负责将宿主机上日志收集,对应用,pod无侵入,但要约定好所有应用的日志都挂载到特定目录,且保持一致的后缀名,否则维护起来比较困难,且难以判断哪个日志来自哪个pod,日志还要规划定期清理

LogPilot+ES+Kibana

LogPilot

阿里开源LogAgent,相比其他agent,这个是动态的,比较适合容器的动态环境,既可以采集docker的stdout和stderr也可以采集日志文件

部署

以下yaml来自慕课网,仅供参考

ES

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---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: elasticsearch-api
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    name: elasticsearch
spec:
  selector:
    app: es
  ports:
  - name: transport
    port: 9200
    protocol: TCP
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: elasticsearch-discovery
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    name: elasticsearch
spec:
  selector:
    app: es
  ports:
  - name: transport
    port: 9300
    protocol: TCP
---
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
spec:
  replicas: 3
  serviceName: "elasticsearch-service"
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: es
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: es
    spec:
      #允许调度到主节点(实验环境节点数不够)
      tolerations:
      - effect: NoSchedule
        key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
      serviceAccountName: dashboard-admin
      #用一个小容器修改系统参数
      initContainers:
      - name: init-sysctl
        image: busybox:1.27
        command:
        - sysctl
        - -w
        - vm.max_map_count=262144
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
      containers:
      - name: elasticsearch
        image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/imooc/elasticsearch:5.5.1
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9200
          protocol: TCP
        - containerPort: 9300
          protocol: TCP
        securityContext:
          capabilities:
            add:
              - IPC_LOCK
              - SYS_RESOURCE
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 4000Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 2000Mi
        env:
          - name: "http.host"
            value: "0.0.0.0"
          - name: "network.host"
            value: "_eth0_"
          - name: "cluster.name"
            value: "docker-cluster"
          - name: "bootstrap.memory_lock"
            value: "false"
          - name: "discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts"
            value: "elasticsearch-discovery"
          - name: "discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts.resolve_timeout"
            value: "10s"
          - name: "discovery.zen.ping_timeout"
            value: "6s"
          - name: "discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes"
            value: "2"
          - name: "discovery.zen.fd.ping_interval"
            value: "2s"
          - name: "discovery.zen.no_master_block"
            value: "write"
          - name: "gateway.expected_nodes"
            value: "2"
          - name: "gateway.expected_master_nodes"
            value: "1"
          - name: "transport.tcp.connect_timeout"
            value: "60s"
          - name: "ES_JAVA_OPTS"
            value: "-Xms2g -Xmx2g"
        livenessProbe:
          tcpSocket:
            port: transport
          initialDelaySeconds: 20
          periodSeconds: 10
        volumeMounts:
        - name: es-data
          mountPath: /data
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: es-data
        hostPath:
          path: /es-data

Logpilot

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---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: log-pilot
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: log-pilot
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: log-es
        kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
        version: v1.22
    spec:
      tolerations:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: dashboard-admin
      containers:
      - name: log-pilot
        image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/imooc/log-pilot:0.9-filebeat
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 200Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 200Mi
        env:
          - name: "FILEBEAT_OUTPUT"
            value: "elasticsearch"
          - name: "ELASTICSEARCH_HOST"
            value: "elasticsearch-api"
          - name: "ELASTICSEARCH_PORT"
            value: "9200"
          - name: "ELASTICSEARCH_USER"
            value: "elastic"
          - name: "ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD"
            value: "changeme"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: sock
          mountPath: /var/run/docker.sock
        - name: root
          mountPath: /host
          readOnly: true
        - name: varlib
          mountPath: /var/lib/filebeat
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log/filebeat
        securityContext:
          capabilities:
            add:
            - SYS_ADMIN
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      #通过挂载这个目录获得获取访问宿主机docker信息的权限
      - name: sock
        hostPath:
          path: /var/run/docker.sock
      #挂载宿主机整个文件系统,只有这样才能拿到docker任意配置
      - name: root
        hostPath:
          path: /
      - name: varlib
        hostPath:
          path: /var/lib/filebeat
          type: DirectoryOrCreate
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log/filebeat
          type: DirectoryOrCreate

Kibana

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---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: kibana
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    component: kibana
spec:
  selector:
    component: kibana
  ports:
  - name: http
    port: 80
    targetPort: http
---
#ingress
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: kibana
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  rules:
  - host: kibana.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        backend:
          serviceName: kibana
          servicePort: 80
---
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: kibana
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    component: kibana
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
     component: kibana
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        component: kibana
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: kibana
        image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/imooc/kibana:5.5.1
        env:
        - name: CLUSTER_NAME
          value: docker-cluster
        - name: ELASTICSEARCH_URL
          value: http://elasticsearch-api:9200/
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 1000m
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
        ports:
        - containerPort: 5601
          name: http

pod

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#deploy
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: web-demo
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: web-demo
  replicas: 3
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: web-demo
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: web-demo
        image: hub.mooc.com/kubernetes/web:v1
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
        env:
        #这个名字有特定要求,aliyun_logs_是固定前缀,最后一段是<自定义名字>,如果对接es就是索引名,如果对接kafka就是topic名
        - name: aliyun_logs_catalina
          #容器的标准输出
          value: "stdout"
        - name: aliyun_logs_access
          #具体要采集的日志文件
          value: "/usr/local/tomcat/logs/*"
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /usr/local/tomcat/logs
          name: accesslogs
      #将容器内的目录挂载到宿主机上的默认位置
      volumes:
      - name: accesslogs
        emptyDir: {}
---
#service
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: web-demo
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 80
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 8080
  selector:
    app: web-demo
  type: ClusterIP

---
#ingress
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: web-demo
spec:
  rules:
  - host: web.mooc.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        backend:
          serviceName: web-demo
          servicePort: 80
技术笔记
#k8s
k8s进阶:日志收集
http://example.com/2023/03/20/k8s-logging/
作者
Peter Pan
发布于
2023年3月20日
许可协议